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Patient Guide

Feeling Tired All The Time?

Understanding "adrenal fatigue" and what might really be going on

1 in 10GP visits are mainly about feeling tired
7–9 hrssleep most adults actually need
Mostcauses are common & treatable
Tiredness is a clue — not a diagnosis. Your exhaustion is real — but "adrenal fatigue" usually isn't the cause. The real cause is often findable, and very treatable.

Common causes of fatigue

Not enough sleep

Late nights, screens, shift work or broken sleep slowly drain your reserves.

More likely if: you wake unrefreshed or get under 7 hours.

Stress, burnout & low mood

Anxiety and depression often show up as exhaustion and fog, not just worry or sadness.

More likely if: you feel flat, on-edge or overwhelmed.

Low iron

Common — around 1 in 5 women of childbearing age. Tires you even before anaemia shows on a blood test.

More likely if: heavy periods, a plant-based diet, or you're a blood donor.

Underactive thyroid

A slow thyroid slows everything — energy, mood, concentration and weight.

More likely if: feeling cold, constipation, dry skin or weight gain.

Sleep apnoea

Breathing pauses during sleep mean you never get true rest, however long you're in bed.

More likely if: you snore, or doze off during the day.

Blood sugar & metabolic health

Energy crashes, sugar cravings and post-meal slumps can point to metabolic health issues.

More likely if: crashes after meals, or strong sugar cravings.

What about "adrenal fatigue"? The exhaustion is real — but "adrenal fatigue" isn't a recognised medical diagnosis, and there's no good evidence that healthy adrenal glands become "exhausted". This is different from true adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) — a genuine, treatable condition your GP can test for. A home saliva cortisol test isn't a reliable way to diagnose either one. The good news: once the real cause is found, most people start to feel better.

Start here: small changes that genuinely help

1

Protect your sleep

Regular hours, screens off early, a wind-down routine

2

Eat for energy

Iron-rich foods and regular meals through the day

3

Move a little daily

A short daily walk lifts energy over time

4

Ease the load

Protect downtime; talk things through

5

Mind caffeine & alcohol

Especially in the afternoon and evening

See your GP if...

  • Fatigue lasting more than a few weeks, or getting worse
  • It's affecting your work, study or daily life
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Breathlessness or drenching night sweats
  • It started after a virus or infection and hasn't lifted
  • You're simply worried about it

What your GP might do

  • Review your sleep and lifestyle
  • Ask about stress and your mental wellbeing
  • Check your current medications
  • Arrange blood tests if needed — iron, thyroid, blood sugar and others
  • Assess for sleep apnoea
  • Discuss diet, exercise and metabolic health

Worth noting before your appointment

7-day energy tracker — Rate your energy 1–5 each day for a week and bring it in — patterns are often the biggest clue.

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